• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
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  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A swivel-type device for the detection of an avalanche of debris where a landslide of an avalanche of debris that groups most types of landslides on a natural inclined surface in Korea, can be detected in advance and a local organization in charge of the disaster operations and the corresponding residents can be informed quickly, and a method of detecting an avalanche of debris using the device, comprising: a plurality of debris avalanche detection units separately fixed to the ground and each comprising a detection rod pivoted in contact with the avalanche of debris; and data received from a data logger measured in real time from one of the debris avalanche detection units and transmitting the data to a remote location.
    公开号:CH702070B1
    申请号:CH00666/10
    申请日:2010-05-03
    公开日:2016-03-31
    发明作者:Byung-Gon Chae；Man-Il Kim
    申请人:Korea Inst Geoscience & Minera；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Reference to an associated patent application
    This application claims the advantages of Korean patent application No. 10-2009-0 099 325, filed October 19, 2009, at the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the full disclosure of which is incorporated herein as reference.
    Background to the invention
    [0002] 1. Field of the inventionThe present invention relates to a swivel-type device for detecting a debris avalanche and a method for detecting a debris avalanche using the device, and in particular, a swivel-type device for detecting a debris avalanche. where a plurality of swivel type rods for the detection of an avalanche of debris are arranged in a few steps in a portion of valley, an inclined surface, a bed of rock, a portion on which the concrete is to be deposited, and a layer of land where the debris avalanche occurs, so as to be able to accurately calculate the height, scale, and speed of movement of the debris avalanche and to be able to emit a warning signal in advance for detecting the onset of the debris avalanche, and a method for detecting a debris avalanche using the device.
    [0003] 2. Description of the associated techniqueIn Korea, landslides occur several times each summer, causing massive loss of life and wealth. The death toll from a landslide ten years ago has reached 27% of the annual average death toll from natural disasters in Korea and the situation is therefore very serious. It has been determined that approximately 85% of the annual average landslide death toll occurs due to a landslide of a natural inclined surface.
    [0004] About 90% or a greater percentage of the natural inclined surface landslides occurring in Korea correspond to a landslide of an avalanche of debris where the earth and sand or coarse fragments and water which constitute the landslide in a lower portion of the inclined surface at high speed, in relation to the heavy rains due to summer thunderstorms. The layers of earth formed on an upper portion of underlying rock are different from each other according to geological characteristics in Korea. However, the majority of the earth layers are thin 2 m or less, and when a landslide occurs, the degree of saturation of the land is high due to the heavy rains, and the earth layers mix with water, which causes landslide from an avalanche of debris to occur frequently.
    [0005] The speed of movement of the debris avalanche is on several scales from approximately 0.5 m / sec to 30 m / sec, and most debris avalanches move rapidly.
    [0006] Thus, in order to reduce the damage produced by a landslide of a debris avalanche, it is very important to detect in advance the arrival of the debris avalanche and to remedy it. In particular, it is effective to detect the avalanche of debris moving along the valley portion of the natural sloping surface anteriorly to the upper portion of the valley and to issue an evacuation alert to those within. downstream of a valley so that the alert allows them to evacuate quickly.
    [0007] For this purpose, a device for detecting an avalanche of debris must be installed in the valley portion and be activated.
    In conventional detectors for a debris avalanche widely used in Korea and some foreign countries, a cable is installed through a cross section of the valley, then, the debris avalanche is detected by cutting the cable when the avalanche of debris moves along the valley.
    [0009] However, in conventional debris avalanche detectors using a cable, a predetermined voltage must be maintained when the cable is installed. For this purpose, both ends of the cable must attach to a solid object such as a bed of rock or a portion where cement is to be deposited. Therefore, difficulties frequently arise when a user chooses a point in the valley portion of the natural inclined surface where the cable is to be installed.
    [0010] In addition, it is not easy to install the cable in several stages at the same point. Therefore, it is difficult to measure the height, scale, and speed of movement of the debris avalanche accurately. In addition, because the cable is cut when the debris avalanche occurs, the cable cannot be used all the time, increasing the cost of reinstallation.
    Summary of the invention
    [0011] The present invention provides a swivel-type device for detecting a debris avalanche where the debris avalanche landslide which includes most types of landslide on a natural inclined surface in Korea can be detected in advance and a local natural disaster organization and corresponding residents can be quickly informed, and a method of detecting a debris avalanche using the device.
    [0012] The present invention also provides a device of the swivel type for the detection of an avalanche of debris which can be installed directly on a portion of the valley where the arrival of the avalanche of debris occurs, and can be activated in order to detect the occurrence of the debris avalanche in real time, and a method for detecting a debris avalanche using the device.
    [0013] The present invention also provides a swivel-type device for detecting an avalanche of debris which can be freely installed on an inclined surface at several intervals, and in particular, can be easily installed on a rocky bed, a portion on which the cement is to be deposited, and a layer of soil, and a method for the detection of an avalanche of debris using the device.
    [0014] The present invention also provides a swivel-type device for detecting an avalanche of debris which can be installed in several stages in order to accurately calculate the height, scale, speed of movement, or others. similar to the debris avalanche and to be able to transmit in advance an alert signal for detecting the coming of the debris avalanche, and a method of detecting a debris avalanche using the device.
    The present invention also provides a swivel-type device for detecting an avalanche of debris which can be used permanently to solve a conventional problem where a cable cannot be reused since the cable is cut when the debris avalanche occurs, and a method of detecting a debris avalanche using the device.
    According to one aspect of the present invention, a swivel type device is provided for the detection of a debris avalanche, the device comprising: a debris avalanche detection unit separately attached to the ground and comprising a sensing rod pivoted in contact with the avalanche of debris; and data reception data measured in real time from the debris avalanche detection unit and data transmission to a remote location.
    [0017] The debris avalanche detection unit may include: a swivel-type debris avalanche detection rod, pivoted into contact with the debris avalanche and used multiple times; a main body unit for detecting an electrical signal generated upon contact with the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod; and a ground fixing unit comprising an anchor fixed to the ground and supporting the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod and the main body unit.
    A detection rod rotation shaft comprising a rotation shaft groove in which a rotary force adjustment screw of the detection rod of the main body unit is inserted and which is formed in both. ends of the detection rod rotation shaft, and a generator of the "+" electrode detection signal connected to the detection rod rotation shaft may be provided on one end of the detection rod. 'a swivel-type debris avalanche.
    [0019] The main body unit may include: a rotation groove formed so that the swivel-type debris avalanche detecting rod pivots through the rotation groove; a detection rod rotary force adjustment screw inserted into an adjustment screw hole formed through the rotation groove of the upper and lower portions of the main body unit; a generator of the "-" electrode detection signal disposed on one side of the rotation groove; and a female connector to which the floor fixing unit is connected on a side opposite to one side of the rotation groove.
    The ground fixing unit may include: a screw type fixing anchor fixed to the ground; and a connector comprising a male connector disposed on the other side of the screw type fixing anchor and connected to the female connector of the main body unit, a bullet from which the male connector is protruding, and a fixing screw supporting the ball rotated at an arbitrary angle.
    [0021] The anchor can be a screw type anchor.
    [0022] The swivel type debris avalanche detection rod can be rotated within a range of 0 ° to 90 °.
    The "+" electrode detection signal generator of the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod may be in contact with the unit "-" electrode detection signal generator. main body from 5 ° or greater to detect the onset of the debris avalanche.
    [0024] A rotary force of the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod can be set by using the detection rod rotary force adjustment screw formed in the main body unit.
    [0025] The data logger can be connected to a plurality of debris avalanche detection units in wired or unwired form, which are arranged in several stages in a vertical direction in order to control the height and the height. debris avalanche ladder.
    The data logger can be connected to a plurality of debris avalanche detection units in wired or unwired form, which are installed on each point at a predetermined distance in order to control the speed of movement of the debris avalanche in accordance with a distance and the travel distance of the debris avalanche.
    According to another aspect of the present invention, a method of detecting an avalanche of debris is provided using the swivel type device for detecting an avalanche of debris comprising an avalanche detection unit of debris and a data logger, the method comprising: securing to the ground separately from the swivel type device for detecting the debris avalanche without an additional unit to maintain tension; and when one or more debris avalanche detection units, arranged on attachment points in several ways, are in contact with the debris avalanche, these are rotated and generate an electrical signal, receiving the signal real-time electrical, where the reception of the real-time electrical signal is performed by the data logger, and the measurement of at least one distance of height, volume (scale), displacement and displacement speed debris avalanche.
    The speed of movement of the debris avalanche can be calculated by the following Equation 1 based on a distance between a plurality of points where a plurality of debris avalanche detection units are installed in a direction in which the debris avalanche is moving and a debris avalanche detection time of the plurality of debris avalanche detection units:
    where v is the movement speed (m / sec) of the debris avalanche, t is a debris avalanche detection time (sec), and L is a distance (m) at which the detection units d 'an avalanche of debris is installed.
    The debris avalanche travel distance can be calculated using an initial debris avalanche detection point of a plurality of debris avalanche detection units installed at a plurality of points. in a direction where the debris avalanche is moving and a final detection point of debris avalanche detection units.
    [0030] A height of the debris avalanche can be calculated using the following Equation 2, using the highest possible height of a debris avalanche detection unit which is in contact with the avalanche debris and is rotated when a plurality of debris avalanche detection units are installed in several stages in a vertical direction in cross section at a point:
    where A is a cross-sectional area (m2), w0 is a width (m) of a lower part of a cross-section of a valley, wnest a width (m) of an upper part of the cross-section of the valley valley, n is the number of widths of the cross section of the valley at a plurality of points where a plurality of debris avalanche detection units are installed, and h is an avalanche height (M) of debris.
    A volume (or scale) of the debris avalanche can be calculated using the following Equation 3 to calculate a cross section of the debris avalanche using a plurality of avalanche detection units of upper and lower debris installed at a plurality of installation points where the debris avalanche is detected, and using a distance corresponding to the installation points of the plurality of debris avalanche detection units where the avalanche debris moves based on an area of the debris avalanche section according to each of the points:
    where V is a volume (m3), An is a cross-sectional area (m2) of a valley at a point n-th, n is the number of points where a plurality of debris avalanche detection units are installed in a direction of action of the valley, and L is a distance (m) between a point A1 and a point An.
    [0032] The swivel type device for detecting the debris avalanche can be attached directly to solid ground using an anchor point.
    [0033] The swivel-type device for detecting the debris avalanche can be attached to the soft solid formed by the earth using an anchor after cementing the soil.
    Brief description of the drawings
    [0034] The other aforementioned characteristics and advantages of the present invention will be more apparent in a detailed description of the illustrative embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: FIG. 1A is a plan view of the points where a plurality of debris avalanche detection units will be installed, in a swivel type device for debris avalanche detection in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. ; Fig. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along line A – A ́ in fig. 1A; Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of the debris avalanche detection unit of the swivel type device for debris avalanche detection of FIGS. 1A and 1B; fig. 3A is an illustrative view of the debris avalanche detection unit of the swivel type device for debris avalanche detection of Figs. 1A and 1B installed on a rocky bed and a concrete structure; fig. 3B is an illustrative view of the debris avalanche detection unit of the swivel type device for debris avalanche detection of Figs. 1A and 1B installed on a layer of earth; fig. 4 is a detailed view of a swivel type debris avalanche detection rod and a main body unit connected to the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod, of the swivel type device for the detection of the debris avalanche of fig. 1A and 1B; fig. 5 is a detail view of the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod of the swivel type debris avalanche detection device of FIGS. 1A and 1B; fig. 6 is a detail view of a rotating force adjusting part of a debris avalanche and a detection signal generator of the main body unit of the swivel type device for detecting the debris avalanche. of fig. 1A and 1B; fig. 7A is a view in which an electric electrode is arranged according to a measuring principle of the device of the pivoting type for the detection of the debris avalanche of FIGS. 1A and 1B and a method for detecting an avalanche of debris using the device of fig. 1A and 1B, according to one embodiment of the present invention; fig. 7b is a schematic view of an electrical electrode contact due to the rotation of the rod according to the measuring principle of the swivel type device for detecting the debris avalanche of FIGS. 1A and 1B and the debris avalanche detection method using the device of Figs. 1A and 1B, according to one embodiment of the present invention; and fig. 7C is a schematic view of detecting the arrival of the debris avalanche due to an electrical electrode contact according to the measuring principle of the swivel type device for detecting the debris avalanche of FIGS. 1A and 1B and the debris avalanche detection method using the device of Figs. 1A and 1B, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
    Detailed description of the invention
    [0035] In the following text, the present invention will be described in detail with the explanation of the illustrative embodiments of the invention in relation to the accompanying drawings.
    [0036] FIG. 1A is a plan view of the points where a plurality of debris avalanche detection units 1 will be installed, in a swivel type device for debris avalanche detection according to an embodiment of the present invention. invention, FIG. 1B is a cross sectional view taken along the line A – A of FIG. 1A, and FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of the debris avalanche detection unit 1 of the swivel type device for debris avalanche detection of FIGS. 1A and 1B.
    [0037] With reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B, the swivel type device for detecting debris avalanche according to the usual embodiment of the present invention comprises a plurality of debris avalanche detecting units 1 each comprising a detection rod which is in contact with the debris avalanche and which is rotated, and a data logger 2 which receives the measured data in real time from one of the debris avalanche detection units 1 and which transmits the data to a remote location.
    The debris avalanche detection unit 1 comprises a swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 which is easily installed, the latter precisely controls an avalanche specification of debris and is used several times for a long period of time, a main body 12 which detects an electrical signal due to contact with the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11, and a ground fixing unit 13 which secures the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 and the main body 12 to the ground using a fixing anchor type screw 131 so that the swivel type device for avalanche detection debris is installed regardless of forming materials and soil conditions.
    The swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 is stick-shaped and may have other forms of rotation.
    [0040] A connector 132 is formed on one side of the screw type fixing anchor 131 of the floor fixing unit 13, and the main body 12 made of stainless steel is connected to the connector 132. A connection between connector 132 and main unit 12 can be obtained in several ways. In one embodiment of the present invention, a male connector 1323 formed on one end of the ground fixing unit 13 is inserted into a female connector 124 formed in the main body unit 12 and having a screw thread. However, the present invention is not limited to this form of connection, and the male connector 1323 and the female connector 124 can be connected to each other in several ways.
    The debris avalanche detection unit 1 comprises the main body unit 12 which is a fixing unit to support the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11. The debris avalanche detection unit main body 12 includes a sensing rod rotary force adjustment screw 121 which serves as a hinge so that the swivel-type debris avalanche sensing rod 11 can be rotated when a predetermined force is exerted on it. The main body unit 12. Further, a rotary force of the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 can be arbitrarily adjusted by using the rotary force adjusting screw of the detection rod 121.
    [0042] In addition, the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 which serves as a detector for detecting the debris avalanche is made of stainless steel and is rotated by a predetermined force which applies to the swivel type debris avalanche detecting rod 11 when the swivel type debris avalanche detecting rod 11 contacts the debris avalanche. The swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 can pivot in the same direction as a direction in which the debris avalanche moves up to a maximum angle of 90 ° which is horizontal to the direction where the avalanche of debris moves. Debris avalanche is detected when a generator of the "+" electrode detection signal 1112 of the swivel type debris avalanche detecting rod 11 and a generator of the "-" electrode detection signal. 122 of the main body unit 12 are in contact with each other from an angle of 5 ° or more.
    The connector 132 of the fixing unit on the ground 13 adjusts an angle of the detection rod of an avalanche of debris of the pivoting type 11 so that it is horizontal with respect to the ground when the detection unit an avalanche of debris 1 is installed. Connector 132 includes a circular ball 1321 which is rotated at an arbitrary angle and a set screw 1322 inserted in four directions. In addition, the male connector 1323 protrudes from the ball 1321, it is inserted into the female connector 124 of the main body unit 12 and is connected to the latter.
    Thus, after installing the swivel-type device for detecting the debris avalanche on an inclined surface of a portion of the valley in a vertical direction in several stages, when the debris avalanche having a scale predetermined moves and the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 is rotated to the height of the debris avalanche, the height and scale of the debris avalanche can be controlled.
    [0045] In addition, the swivel type device for detecting the debris avalanche is installed at several points in a direction of action of a valley in a similar manner in order to be able to accurately measure the speed of moving the debris avalanche by distance, the debris traveling distance, or the like.
    [0046] FIG. 3A is an illustrative view of the debris avalanche detection unit 1 of the swivel type device for debris avalanche detection of Figs. 1A and 1B installed in a bedrock and a concrete structure, and fig. 3B is an illustrative view of the debris avalanche detection unit 1 of the swivel type debris avalanche detection device of Figs. 1A and 1B installed in a layer of earth.
    The present invention has two methods of fixing the fixing unit to the ground 13. The first method is to fix the screw type fixing anchor 131 on the hard ground such as the bedrock or the structure. concrete, and the second method is to fix the ground fixing unit 13 on the soft ground which is formed by earth by means of ground cementation.
    [0048] In this case, the diameter and length of the screw-type fixing anchor 131 are determined according to the condition of the ground. The connector 132 connected to the main body unit 12 is installed on one end of the screw-type fixing anchor 131 which is not inserted into the ground.
    [0049] In this case, as previously described, the screw-type fixing anchor 131 was installed on the ground in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. However, the screw type fixing anchor 131 can also be fixed to the ground using another type of fixing unit.
    [0050] FIG. 4 is a detailed view of the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 and the main body unit 12 connected to the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11, of the type device. debris avalanche detection swivel of fig. 1A and 1B, FIG. 5 is a detail view of the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 of the swivel type device for debris avalanche detection of FIGS. 1A and 1B, and fig. 6 is a detailed view of a rotational force adjusting part of a debris avalanche and a detection signal generator of the main body unit 12 of the swivel type device for the detection of the avalanche of debris. debris of fig. 1A and 1B.
    The swivel-type device for detecting the debris avalanche of FIGS. 1A and 1B includes the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 and the main body unit 12 connected to the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11. The main body unit 12 comprises a rotation groove 125 having an open side to provide a portion of space where the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 is rotated, and a shaft of rotation of the detection rod 111 of the control rod. swivel type debris avalanche detection 11 is placed in the rotation groove 125. The detection rod rotation shaft 111 is supported by the detection rod rotary force adjustment screw 121 inserted into a Adjustment screw hole 1211 formed through the rotation groove 125 of the main body unit 12. In detail, the main body unit 12 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention has a width of 50 mm. , a length of 50 mm, and a height of 35 mm. A groove of the rotation shaft 1111 functioning as a rotation shaft having a diameter of 3 mm and a depth of 3 mm in a vertical direction is formed in both ends of the rotation shaft by the detection rod 111 of the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 so as to be able to pivot the rotation shaft of the detection rod 111 when the latter is in contact with the landslide of the debris avalanche. Through the groove of the rotation shaft 1111, the rotation shaft of the detection rod 111 is rotated when the main body unit 12 and the rotary force adjusting screw of the detection rod 121 are in contact. 'with each other in the upper and lower parts of the groove of the rotation shaft 1111.
    In addition, the generator of the "+" electrode detection signal 1112 for the detection of the landslide of the debris avalanche is connected to the rotation shaft of the detection rod 111 perpendicular to a direction swivel type debris avalanche detection rod lengthwise 11.
    [0053] Further, the generator of the "-" electrode detection signal 122 is installed on the other side of the side of the open part of the rotation groove 125 of the main body unit 12.
    The main body unit 12 generates a detection signal for generating an electrical signal when the swivel type debris avalanche detecting rod 11 is pivoted by the landslide of the debris avalanche. .
    [0055] In other words, the swivel type device for detecting the debris avalanche of FIGS. 1A and 1B comprises the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 comprising the "+" electrode detection signal generator 1112 formed on one of its ends and the main body unit 12 comprising the electrode detection signal generator "-" 122, and is connected to the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11, thereby detecting the debris avalanche landslide detection signal from of the "+" electrode detection signal generator 1112 and the "-" electrode detection signal generator 122 when the swivel type debris avalanche detecting rod 11 is rotated by the debris avalanche .
    In detail, the rotation shaft of the detection rod 111, which is an octagonal shaped stainless steel block having a diameter of 10 mm and a height of 10 mm, is connected to a front end of the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11, as shown in fig. 5. The detection rod rotation shaft 111 is inserted into the detection rod rotary force adjustment screw 121 inserted into the rotation groove 125 and having a height of 11 mm and serves as the rotation shaft of the detection rod. swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11.
    The generator of the "+" electrode detection signal 1112 having a length of 10 mm, a height of 9 mm, and a thickness of 1 mm, is arranged on one side of the rotation shaft of the rod detector 111 formed by an octagonal block of stainless steel and connected to the front end of the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11. Therefore, like the debris avalanche detector rod swivel 11 is rotated by the avalanche of debris, the "+" electrode detection signal generator 1112 having a "+" electrode and a length of 10mm is jointly rotated and is grounded to the signal generator "-" electrode detection sensor 122 having a length of 35 mm, a height of 11 mm, a thickness of 10 mm (upper) and 3 mm (lower) and being connected to the main body unit 12. The signal electrical power is thus generated (see fig. 6). The swivel type device for debris avalanche detection can sense the electrical signal and identify the coming of the debris avalanche at a point where the swivel type device for debris avalanche detection is installed.
    The rotary force of the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 can be adjusted by the rotary force adjustment screw of the detection rod 121 connected to both ends of the main body unit 12. The rotary force adjusting screw of the detection rod 121 is used to maintain a rotary resistance force which is different depending on the size of a soil forming material discharged to a point where the swivel-type device for detection debris avalanche is installed.
    [0059] For example, a greater rotational resistance force is required at a point where boulders having large particles are present primarily, and a smaller rotational resistance force is required at a point where the soil having small particles and mainly water is present. Thus, the rotary force adjusting screw of the detection rod 121 is used to adjust the rotary resistance force.
    The sensing rod rotary force adjusting screw 121 according to one embodiment of the present invention includes two screw-type bolts having a diameter of 10mm, a height of 5mm, a length of 17mm. . The two screw-type bolts are installed on upper and lower parts of the main body unit 12 to serve as a rotating shaft of the swivel-type debris avalanche detection rod 11. The rotary resistance force increases when the two screw-type bolts are installed on the upper and lower parts of the main body unit 12 and are fixed, and the rotary resistance force is reduced when the two-type bolts screws are loose (see fig. 6).
    [0061] FIG. 7A is a view in which an electric electrode is arranged according to a measuring principle of the device of the pivoting type for the detection of the debris avalanche of FIGS. 1A and 1B and a method of detecting an avalanche of debris using the device of FIGS. 1A and 1B, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7b is a schematic view of an electrical electrode contact due to the rotation of the rod in accordance with the measuring principle of the swivel-type device for detecting the debris avalanche of FIGS. 1A and 1B and the debris avalanche detection method using the device of Figs. 1A and 1B, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7C is a schematic view of detecting the arrival of the debris avalanche due to the contact of the electric electrode in accordance with the measuring principle of the swivel type device for detecting the debris avalanche of Figs. 1A and 1B and the debris avalanche detection method using the device of Figs. 1A and 1B, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
    With reference to FIGS. 7A, 7B, and 7C, the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 according to one embodiment is made of stainless steel with a length of 400mm and a diameter of 5mm. As previously described, the swivel type debris avalanche detecting rod 11 is connected to the main body unit 12 and is pivoted in a direction where the debris avalanche moves along the landslide. debris avalanche. In this case, when the generator of the "+" electrode detection signal 1112 connected to the front end of the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 of the main body unit 12 and the generator "-" electrode detection signal 122 installed on the main body unit 12 are in contact with each other, the electric signal occurs.
    [0063] The swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 is rotated in the range of 0 ° to –90 °. The debris avalanche flow can be detected in a direction where the debris avalanche is moving approximately 5 °.
    [0064] In one embodiment of the present invention, the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 and the main body unit 12 are protruding from a point where the type device swivel for the detection of the debris avalanche is installed, about 43 cm, which can easily come into contact with the debris avalanche.
    [0065] Debris avalanche is a landslide of a density containing water, earth, coarse fragments, or the like. Since the swivel-type debris avalanche detecting rod 11 and the main body unit 12 connected to the swivel-type debris avalanche detecting rod 11 maintain sufficient rigidity, the landslide of the debris avalanche can be detected effectively.
    [0066] The electrical signal generated by the debris avalanche detection unit 1 of the swivel type device for detecting the debris avalanche of FIGS. 1A and 1B is recorded in the connected data logger 2 in wired (or non-wired) form. Data logger 2 also has a function of transmitting data to a measuring center located in a remote location in unwired form in real time.
    The data logger 2 is operated by integrating solar heat, by means of a solar heat charge in a battery (not shown) installed in a register and which uses solar heat in the form of energy .
    The data recorded in the data logger 2 is transmitted by a transmission unit (not shown) by means of code division multiple access (CDMA) communication to the remote location, and an interval for the data transmission can be adjusted freely using a control program.
    The method of detecting the debris avalanche using the device of FIGS. 1A and 1B will now be described.
    The debris avalanche detection units 1 of the swivel type device for detecting the debris avalanche of FIGS. 1A and 1B are installed at a plurality of points upstream to downstream of the valley at regular intervals and can therefore be used as a system for issuing an alert informing of the arrival of the debris avalanche (see fig. 1A). In other words, even if the debris avalanche occurs in any portion of the valley, since the movement of the debris avalanche allows the debris avalanche detection rod to rotate. pivot type 11 and an electrical signal is generated, it is possible to control the arrival of the debris avalanche and to locate a point where the debris avalanche is triggered. Thus, the debris avalanche detection units 1 of the swivel type device for detecting the debris avalanche of FIGS. 1A and 1B can be used as a system for issuing an alert for a landslide or debris avalanche.
    As illustrated in FIG. 1A, the debris avalanche detection units 1 of the swivel type device for debris avalanche detection of FIGS. 1A and 1B installed at a plurality of points upstream to downstream of the valley provide information on a travel speed and travel distance of the debris avalanche.
    The speed of movement of the debris avalanche can be calculated using Equation 1 based on a distance between a plurality of points where a plurality of debris avalanche detection units 1 are installed in the direction of the valley, and a debris avalanche detection time during which the swivel type debris avalanche detection rod 11 is rotated and the electrical signal is generated:
    where v is the moving speed (m / sec) of the debris avalanche, t is a debris avalanche detection time (sec), and L is a distance (m) at which the detection units of debris avalanche 1 are installed.
    As previously described, since the debris avalanche has moved to a point of a final detection unit which detects the debris avalanche, a distance at which the avalanche of Debris moves from a point where the landslide of a debris avalanche begins to the point downstream of the valley portion where the debris avalanche is moving can ultimately be controlled.
    [0074] In addition, the debris avalanche detection units 1 of the swivel type device for detecting the debris avalanche can be installed separately on an inclined surface on both sides of a cross section of the portion of valley at a point of the portion of valley in several stages in several intervals, as shown in fig. 1B. In this way, the debris avalanche detection units 1 installed in several stages in a vertical direction of the cross section of the valley portion are pivoted from the uppermost end portion to a bottom portion. of a cross section of the debris avalanche. The height of the debris avalanche in the cross section of the valley portion can be measured in this way. This means that a height of the cross section of the valley portion at which the swivel type debris avalanche sensing rod 11 is pivoted is a height of the debris avalanche and can be controlled at the base. at the height of the debris avalanche.
    [0075] The cross-sectional area of the debris avalanche can be calculated according to a plurality of points where a plurality of debris avalanche detection units of the swivel type devices for the detection of an avalanche of debris are installed upstream to downstream of the valley, and a schematic volume of the debris avalanche moving along the valley can be calculated based on the cross-sectional area of the debris avalanche according to at said points. First, the cross-sectional area of the debris avalanche can be calculated using Equation 2 with the height of the debris avalanche and the width of the valley:
    where A is a cross-sectional area (m2), w0 is a width (m) of a lower part of a cross-section of a valley, wnest a width (m) of an upper part of the cross-section of the valley valley, n is the number of widths of the cross section of the valley at the points where a plurality of debris avalanche detection units 1 are installed, and h is a height (m) of the debris avalanche.
    [0076] The volume of the debris avalanche can be calculated using Equation 3 based on the cross-sectional area of each of the points. It is therefore possible to solve a problem with the volume of the debris avalanche that cannot be recognized in most studies of a debris avalanche landslide.
    [0077]
    where V is a volume (m3), An is a cross-sectional area (m2) of the valley at a point n-th, n is the number of points where a plurality of debris avalanche detection units 1 are installed in a direction proceeding from the valley, and L is a distance (m) between a point A1 and a point An.
    As has been described previously, in a device of the pivoting type for the detection of an avalanche of debris and a method of detection of an avalanche of debris by means of the device according to the present invention, after having installed a plurality units for detecting a stick-shaped debris avalanche on an inclined surface on both sides of a valley portion during several stages in a direction in cross-section of the valley portion without maintaining additional tension, a Swivel type debris avalanche sensing rod is rotated and an electrical signal is generated when the debris avalanche occurs so that the initiation and landslide of the debris avalanche can be detected.
    [0079] Further, the swivel-type device for detecting the debris avalanche can be freely installed on the inclined surface in several intervals, and in particular, can be easily installed on a layer of earth comprising a bedrock or a part on which the cement must be deposited.
    In addition, the debris avalanche detection units of the swivel type device for debris avalanche detection can be installed in several stages so as to be able to calculate the height, scale, and height. speed of movement of the debris avalanche. In addition, since the swivel type debris avalanche detecting rod is pivoted in a direction where the debris avalanche moves, the swivel type device for detecting the debris avalanche can be used in such a manner. semi-permanent.
    While the present invention has been shown and described particularly with reference to illustrative embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will understand that many changes in form and detail can be applied without departing. of the spirit and object of the present invention as defined by the following claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (12)
    [1]
    Apparatus for detecting an avalanche of debris, comprising:A plurality of detection units (1) which can be separately attached to the ground and each comprising a detection rod (11) configured to pivot in contact with the avalanche of debris; andA data logger (2) configured to receive data measured in real time from the detection units (1) and transmit this data to a remote location.
    [2]
    2. Device according to claim 1, wherein each of the detection units (1) further comprises:A main body (12) for detecting an electrical signal generated by contact with the detection rod (11); and- a ground fixing unit (13) comprising an anchor (131) and supporting the detection rod (11) via the main body (12).
    [3]
    3. Device according to claim 2, wherein the detection rod (11) is engaged at one of its ends with a rotation shaft (111), this rotation shaft (111) comprising:At its ends a bore (1111) for receiving a rotational force adjusting screw (121) of the detection rod (11), andA positive electrode (1112) of a detection signal generator.
    [4]
    4. Device according to claim 2, wherein the main body (12) comprises:- a rotational groove (125) for pivoting the sensor rod (11);- a rotational force adjusting screw (121) of the sensing rod (11) inserted into a tapping (1211) formed through upper and lower portions of the main body (12) and opening into the rotational groove (125) ;A negative electrode (122) of a detection signal generator disposed inside the rotational groove (125); and- A female connector (124) which is connected to the ground fixing unit (13).
    [5]
    5. Device according to claim 2, wherein the anchoring (131) of the ground fixing unit (13) is a screw fixing anchor intended to be fixed to the ground at a free end of this anchor (131); and wherein the ground fixing unit (13) further comprises a connector (132) at an end opposite said free end of said anchor (131), said connector (132) comprising:A male connector (1323) connected to a female connector (124) of the main body (12),A ball (1321) housed within the connector (132) and from which the male connector (1323) is projecting, and- A fixing screw (1322) inserted into the connector (132) and for immobilizing said ball (1321), the latter can be rotated by an arbitrary angle.
    [6]
    6. Device according to claim 2, wherein the anchor (131) is a screw anchor.
    [7]
    7. Device according to claim 2, wherein the sensor rod (11) can be rotated by an angle ranging from 0 ° to 90 °.
    [8]
    8. Device according to claim 3, wherein the detection signal generator comprises a negative electrode (122) integral with the main body (12), the positive electrode (1112) being in contact with the negative electrode (122) from a swivel angle of the sensor rod of 5 ° or higher.
    [9]
    9. Device according to claim 2, wherein a set screw (121), inserted into the main body (12) and acting by clamping on the detection rod (11), makes it possible to adjust a rotary force of the detection rod (11).
    [10]
    Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the data logger (2) is connected, in hard-wired or unconnected form, to a plurality of detection units (1) arranged in a vertical direction in several levels (h1, h2 , h3), so as to control the height of the debris avalanche.
    [11]
    Apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the data logger (2) is connected, in hard-wired or unconnected form, to a plurality of detection units (1) arranged in a plurality of points separated by a predetermined distance ( L1, L2) along the movement of the avalanche of debris, so as to be able to measure the speed of movement of the debris avalanche.
    [12]
    12. A method of detecting an avalanche of debris by means of a device according to claim 1, this device comprising a plurality of pairs of detection units (1) arranged on the ground on two slopes of a valley portion, in a plurality of cross-sections to a direction of movement of said avalanche and at different height levels (h1, h2, h3) within said sections, said method comprising the steps of:- emit an electrical signal actuated by a pivoting of a detection rod (11), specific to each detection unit (1), in contact with the debris of the avalanche during its passage,- receive in real time the electrical signal by a data logger (2), andDetermining at least one height, a volume, a distance and / or a speed of movement of the avalanche of debris.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN102043163A|2011-05-04|
    TW201128579A|2011-08-16|
    CH702070A2|2011-04-29|
    CN102043163B|2013-08-14|
    TWI416438B|2013-11-21|
    KR101061724B1|2011-09-02|
    KR20110042591A|2011-04-27|
    HK1154289A1|2012-04-13|
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    法律状态:
    2018-04-13| NV| New agent|Representative=s name: IP PARTNERS J. WENGER, CH |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    KR1020090099325A|KR101061724B1|2009-10-19|2009-10-19|Rotary soils detecting device and soils detecting method|
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